====== Useful libraries for caffe ======
  * cudnn v4: /scratch/adrian/kshmelko/cudnn4
  * gflags/glogs/lmdb are installed on all machines (if not, ask a system administrator to do it)
  * pycaffe: scikit-image can be found at /scratch/gpuhost7/ssaxena/software/scikit-image
====== Reducing memory usage =====

  * To reduce the memory usage during training, you can average the gradient over few forward/backward pass in caffe using an 'iter_size' parameter. For instance, to divide by two the memory usage, simply divide the batch size by two and add 'iter_size: 2' in the solver.prototxt.
 
====== CudNN layer error when using CPU =====

  * When caffe is compiled with CudNN but use on CPU mode, there is an error when parsing the prototxt. This is because caffe is trying to load the CudNN version of the convolution/pool/relu/softmax layer which can not be used on CPU. One fix consists in modifying src/caffe/layer_factory.cpp to use the cudnn version only in GPU mode. To do so, replace :
<code>
  if (engine == ConvolutionParameter_Engine_DEFAULT) {
    engine = ConvolutionParameter_Engine_CAFFE;
#ifdef USE_CUDNN
    engine = ConvolutionParameter_Engine_CUDNN;
#endif
  }
</code>  
  
  by
<code>
  if (engine == ConvolutionParameter_Engine_DEFAULT) {
    engine = ConvolutionParameter_Engine_CAFFE;
#ifdef USE_CUDNN
    if( Caffe::mode() == Caffe::GPU ) {
       engine = ConvolutionParameter_Engine_CUDNN;
    }
#endif
  }
</code>
  
and so on for the other layers.

====== Example of Makefile.config ======

(from Philippe in December 2015)

<code>
## Refer to http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html
# Contributions simplifying and improving our build system are welcome!

# cuDNN acceleration switch (uncomment to build with cuDNN).
USE_CUDNN := 1

# CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support).
# CPU_ONLY := 1

# uncomment to disable IO dependencies and corresponding data layers
# USE_OPENCV := 0
# USE_LEVELDB := 0
# USE_LMDB := 0

# uncomment to allow MDB_NOLOCK when reading LMDB files (only if necessary)
#	You should not set this flag if you will be reading LMDBs with any
#	possibility of simultaneous read and write
# ALLOW_LMDB_NOLOCK := 1

# Uncomment if you're using OpenCV 3
# OPENCV_VERSION := 3

# To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following.
# N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++
# CUSTOM_CXX := g++

# CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need.
CUDA_DIR := /home/lear/pweinzae/localscratch/libraries/cuda-7.5
# On Ubuntu 14.04, if cuda tools are installed via
# "sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit" then use this instead:
# CUDA_DIR := /usr

# CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them.
# For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 lines for compatibility.
CUDA_ARCH := -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20 \
		-gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_21 \
		-gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \
		-gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \
		-gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \
		-gencode arch=compute_50,code=compute_50

# BLAS choice:
# atlas for ATLAS (default)
# mkl for MKL
# open for OpenBlas
BLAS := atlas
# Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories.
# Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS
# (which should work)!
BLAS_INCLUDE := /usr/include/atlas 
BLAS_LIB := /usr/lib64/atlas

# Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path
# BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include
# BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib

# This is required only if you will compile the matlab interface.
# MATLAB directory should contain the mex binary in /bin.
# MATLAB_DIR := /usr/local
# MATLAB_DIR := /Applications/MATLAB_R2012b.app
MATLAB_DIR := /softs/stow/matlab-2015b/

# NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.
# We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.
PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2.7 \
		/usr/lib64/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include
# Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:
# Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root.
# ANACONDA_HOME := $(HOME)/anaconda
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include \
		# $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 \
		# $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include \

# We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib.
PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib64
# PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib

# Homebrew installs numpy in a non standard path (keg only)
# PYTHON_INCLUDE += $(dir $(shell python -c 'import numpy.core; print(numpy.core.__file__)'))/include
# PYTHON_LIB += $(shell brew --prefix numpy)/lib

# Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs)
WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1

# Whatever else you find you need goes here.
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) $(CUDA_DIR)/include /usr/include /usr/include/mpi/ /home/lear/pweinzae/localscratch/libraries/cudnn-7.0-linux-x64-v3.0-prod/include
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) $(CUDA_DIR)/lib64 /usr/lib64 /lib64 /usr/lib64/openmpi/lib /home/lear/pweinzae/localscratch/libraries/cudnn-7.0-linux-x64-v3.0-prod/lib64 

# If Homebrew is installed at a non standard location (for example your home directory) and you use it for general dependencies
# INCLUDE_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/include
# LIBRARY_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/lib

# Uncomment to use `pkg-config` to specify OpenCV library paths.
# (Usually not necessary -- OpenCV libraries are normally installed in one of the above $LIBRARY_DIRS.)
# USE_PKG_CONFIG := 1

BUILD_DIR := build
DISTRIBUTE_DIR := distribute

# Uncomment for debugging. Does not work on OSX due to https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/171
# DEBUG := 1

# The ID of the GPU that 'make runtest' will use to run unit tests.
TEST_GPUID := 1

# enable pretty build (comment to see full commands)
Q ?= @
</code>